Designed to support a variety of backgrounds, this work provides explanations of the basic concepts of chemistry as well as its coverage and aids readers in developing problem solving skills.

Publisher:

John Wiley & Sons

ISBN:

9780470234402

Publication date:

April 2008

Length:

260mm

Width:

180mm

Weight:

2099g

Edition:

5th Edition

Pages:

1056

• 1. Fundamental Concepts And Units Of Measurement.1.1 Chemistry Is Important For Anyone Studying The Sciences.1.2 The Scientific Method Helps Us Build Models Of Nature.1.3 Matter Is Composed Of Elements, Compounds, And Mixtures.1.4 Properties Of Matter Can Be Classified In Different Ways.1.5 Measurements Are Essential To Describe Properties.1.6 Measurements Always Contain Some Uncertainty.1.7 Units Can Be Converted Using The Factor-Label Method.1.8 Density Is A Useful Intensive Property.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.2. Elements, Compounds, And Chemical Reactions.2.1 Elements And Atoms Are Described By Dalton's Atomic Theory.2.2 Atoms Are Composed Of Subatomic Particles.2.3 The Periodic Table Is Used To Organize And Correlate Facts.2.4 Elements Can Be Metals, Nonmetals, Or Mettaloids.2.5 Formulas And Equations Describe Substances And Their Reactions.2.6 Molecular Compounds Contain Neutral Particles Called Molecules.2.7 Ionic Compounds Are Composed Of Charged Particles Called Ions.2.8 The Formulas Of Many Ionic Compounds Can Be Predicted.2.9 Molecular And Ionic Compounds Are Named Following A System.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.3. The Mole: Relating The Microscopic World Of Atoms To Laboratory Measurements.3.1 The Mole Conveniently Links Mass To Number Of Atoms Of Molecules.3.2 Chemical Formulas Relate Amounts Of Substances In A Compound.3.3 Chemical Formulas Can Be Determined From Experimental Mass Measurements.3.4 Chemical Equations Link Amounds Of Substances In A Reaction.3.5 The Reactant In Shortest Supply Limits The Amount Of Product That Can Form.3.6 The Prdicted Amount Of Product Is Not Always Obtained Experimentally.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.Bringing It Together Chapters 1-3.4. Reactions Of Ions And Molecules In Aqueous Solutions.4.1 Special Terminology Applies To Solutions.4.2 Ionic Compounds Conduct Electricity When Dissolved In Water.4.3 Acids And Bases Are Classes Of Compounds With Special Properties.4.4 Naming Acids And Bases Follows A System.4.5 Ionic Reactions Can Often Be Predicted.4.6 The Composition Of A Solution Is Described By Its Concentration.4.7 Molarity Is Used For Problems In Solution Stoichiometry.4.8 Chemical Alaysis And Titration Are Applications Of Solution Stoichiometry.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.5. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions.5.1 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Involve Electron Transfer.5.2 The Ion-Electron Method Creates Balanced Net Ionic Equations For Redox Reactions.5.3 Metals Are Oxidized When They React With Acids.5.4 A More Active Metal Will Displace A Less Active One From Its Compounds.5.5 Molecular Oxygen Is A Powerful Oxidizing Agent.5.6 Redox Reactions Follow The Same Stoichiometric Principles As Other Reactions.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.6. Energy And Chemical Change.6.1 An Object Has Energy If It Is Capable Of Doing Work.6.2 Internal Energy Is The Total Energy Of An Object's Molecules.6.3 Heat Can Be Determined By Measuring Temperature Changes.6.4 Energy Is Absorbed Or Released During Most Chemical Reactions.6.5 Heats Of Reaction Are Measured At Constant Volume Or Constant Pressure.6.6 Thermochemical Equations Are Chemical Equations That Quantitatively Include Heat.6.7 Thermochemical Equations Can Be Combined Because Enthalpy Is A State Function.6.8 Tabulated Standard Heats Of Reaction Can Be Used To Predict Any Heat Of Reaction Using Hess's Law.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.Bringing It Together Chapters 4-6.7. The Quantum Mechanical Atom.7.1 Electromagnetic Radiation Provides The Clue To The Electronic Structures Of Atoms.7.2 Atomic Line Spectra Are Evidence That Electrons In Atoms Have Quantized Energies.7.3 Electrons Have Properties Of Both Particles And Waves.7.4 Electron Spin Affects The Distribution Of Electrons Among Orbitals In Atoms.7.5 The Ground State Electron Configuration Is The Lowest Energy Distribution Of Electrons Among Orbitals.7.6 Electron Configurations Explain The Structure Of The Periodic Table.7.7 Quantum Theory Predicts The Shapes Of Atomic Orbitals.7.8 Atomic Properties Correlate With An Atom's Electron Configuration.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.8. Chemical Bonding: General Concepts.8.1 Electron Transfer Leads To The Formation Of Ionic Compounds.8.2 Lewis Symbols Help Keep Track Of Valence Electrons.8.3 Covalent Bonds Are Formed By Electron Sharing.8.4 Covalent Bonds Can Have Partial Charges At Opposite Ends.8.5 The Reactivities Of Metals And Nonmetals Can Be Related To Their Electronegativities.8.6 Drawing Lewis Structures Is A Necessary Skill.8.7 Resonance Applies When A Single Lewis Structure Fails.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.9. Chemical Bonding And Molecular Structure.9.1 Molecules Are Three-Dimensional With Shapes That Are Built From Five Basic Arrangements.9.2 Molecular Shapes Are Predicted Using The VSEPR Model.9.3 Molecular Symmetry Affects The Polarity Of Molecules.9.4 Valence Bond Theory Explains Bonding As An Overlap Of Atomic Orbitals.9.5 Hybrid Orbitals Are Used To Explain Experimental Molecular Geometries.9.6 Hybrid Orbitals Can Be Used To Describe Multiple Bonds.9.7 Molecular Orbital Theory Explains Bonding As Constructive Interference Of Atomic Orbitals.9.8 Molecular Orbital Theory Uses Delocalized Orbitals To Describe Molecules With Resonance Structures.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.Bringing It Together Chapters 7-9.10. Properties of Gases.10.1 Familiar properties of gases can be explained at the molecular level.10.2 Pressure is a measured property of gases.10.3 The gas laws summarize experimental observations.10.4 Gas volumes cac be used in solving stoichiometry problems.10.5 The ideal gas law relates P, V, T, and the number of moles of gas, n.10.6 In a misture each gas exerts its own partial pressure.10.7 Effusion and diffusion in gases lead to Graham's law.10.8 The kinetic-molecular theory explains the gas law.10.9 Real gases don't obey the ideal gas law perfectly.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.11. Intermolecular Attractions And The Properties Of Liquids And Solids.11.1 Gases, Liquids, And Solids Differ Because Intermolecular Forces Depend On The Distances Between Molecules.11.2 Intermolecular Attractions Involve Electrical Charges.11.3 Intermolecular Forces And Tightness Of Packing Affect The Properties Of Liquids And Solids.11.4 Changes Of State Lead To Dynamic Equilibria.11.5 Vapor Pressures Of Liquids And Solids Are Controlled By Temperature And Intermolecular Attractions.11.6 Boiling Occurs When A Liquid's Vapor Pressure Equals Atmospheric Pressure.11.7 Energy Changes Occur During Changes Of State.11.8 Changes In A Dynamic Equilibrium Can Be Analyzed Using Le Chatelier's Principle.11.9 Crystalline Solids Have An Ordered Internal Structure.11.10 X-Ray Diffraction Is Used To Study Crystal Structures.11.11 Physical Properties Of Solids Are Related To Their Crystal Types.11.12 Phase Diagrams Graphically Represent Pressure-Temperature Relationships.Tools For Problem Solving.Questions, Problems, And Exercises.12. Properties Of Solutions
• Mixtures Of Substances At The Molecular Level.12.1 Substances Mix Spontaneously When There Is No Energy Barrier To Mixing.12.2 Heats Of Solution Come From Unbalanced Intermolecular Attractions.12.3 A Substance's Solubility Changes With Temperature.12.4 Gases Become More Soluble At Higher Pressures.12.5 Molarity Changes With Temperature
• Molality, Mass Percentages, And Mole Fractions Do Not.12.6 Solutes Lower The Vapor Pressure Of A Solvent.12.7 Solutions Have Lower Melting Points And Higher Boiling Points Than Pure Solvents.12.8 Osmosis Is A Flow Of Solvent Through A Semipermeable Membrane Due To Unequal Concentrations.12.9 Ionic Solutes Affect Colligative Properties Differently From Nonioni